Quantitative Evaluation of Venipuncture Training Models: A Study Using a Puncture Force Testing Device

Background/Objectives: This study introduces a quantitative assessment of venipuncture training models using a customized puncture force testing device. The device, engineered to quantify the force and torque exerted during a puncture under regulated speed and angle conditions, aims to augment the authenticity and efficiency of medical training models. In Japan, a diverse group of medical professionals receive training in venipuncture, utilizing models in a variety of educational environments. However, the existing models often fall short of replicating the physiological realism of human tissue, which limits the effectiveness of the training. Methods: To address this issue, the study employed a puncture force testing device that includes a needle, syringe, load test stand, and digital force gauge, among other components. This arrangement facilitated the precise control and recording of puncture force at varying speeds and angles. Three distinct venipuncture models (Models A, B, and C), filled with water to mimic venous blood, were tested under these regulated conditions. Results: The findings revealed notable differences in puncture force among the models, with Model C closely resembling human tissue because of its lower maximum puncture force.Conclusion: The study also observed a variation in the force required at different puncture speeds, thereby enhancing our understanding of model behavior under diverse conditions. Moreover, the use of a mechanically controlled puncture device eliminated the variability associated with individual technique, allowing for a more quantitative and reproducible evaluation. In conclusion, the study proposes a more quantitative and objective approach for evaluating venipuncture models. This progress is vital for refining these models to more accurately simulate human tissue, consequently improving the quality of medical training in venipuncture procedures.