A Comparative Study on Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles from H. undatus Fruit Peel and its Therapeutic Applications

The green synthesis of nanoparticles has gained significant impacts in various fields due to their eco-friendly approach. In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized from aqueous extract of H. undatus fruit peel. The presence of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was analyzed using characterization methods such as UV-Vis, FTIR, GCMS, XRD, EDAX and FESEM. The synthesized AgNPs showed the highest antibacterial activity against E. coli when compared to S. pneumoniae . The highest antifungal activity was observed against C. albicans than C. tropicalis. IC 50 value of antibiofilm activity of AgNPs was recorded as 2.81 µg/ml whereas H. undatus peel extract exhibited the value of 1.34 µg/ml. The invitro antioxidant activity of AgNPs was evaluated using two different methods. A strong DPPH radical scavenging activity of AgNPs and fruit peel extract was observed with the IC 50 values of 3.8 and 2.03 µg/ml respectively. On other hand, nitric oxide radical scavenging activity were recorded and IC 50 values was calculated to be 2.8 and 2.3 µg/ml. The AgNPs demonstrated thrombolytic activity in human blood with 10, 32.36 and 56.25% lysis. The cytotoxicity of AgNPs possessed minimum activity with an IC 50 0.2 µg/ml and peel extract showed the maximum cytotoxicity activity with an IC 50 0.3 µg/ml. The findings of this study demonstrate that the synthesized AgNPs from H. undatus peel extract used as a potential candidate for treating prostate cancer.