Leak Detection of Water Supply Networks Using Error-Domain Model Falsification

Pressurized freshwater fluid distribution networks are key strategic infrastructure elements. On average, 20% of water is lost by way of leaks around the world. This illustrates the need for more efficient management of pressurized fluid distribution networks. This paper presents a system identification methodology known as error-domain model falsification adapted for performance assessment of water distribution networks and more specifically, to detect leak regions in these networks. In addition, a methodology to approximate the demand at nodes in water supply networks is presented and a methodology for estimating uncertainties through experimentation is described. The use of error-domain model falsification for practical use in water distribution networks shows great potential. Finally, two case studies are presented. The first case study is from the water distribution network of the city of Lausanne. An experimental campaign was carried out on this network to simulate leaks by opening hydrants. The second case study is from a water distribution network of the community of Bagnes, and a leak scenario was evaluated. These two case studies illustrate, using full-scale measurements, the potential of error-domain model falsification for the performance assessment of water distribution networks.