Population
Patients requiring extraction of chronic pacemaker and defibrillator leads due to infection, malfunction, or…
Design
Review
Authors
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Updates lead extraction approaches for device clinicians; leaves open need for prospective outcome data and standardized protocols.
This review discusses the principles and evolving techniques for the extraction of chronically implanted pacemaker and defibrillator leads.
Kantharia et al. (1999) studied this question.