Key result
Uninephrectomy in mice was associated with reduced parasympathetic modulation of sinus node function, and facilitated arterial hypertension when combined with taurine-deficiency and high-salt intake.
Why the study?
Blood pressure increases in living kidney donors after uninephrectomy, but the underlying physiological mechanisms remain unclear.
Does uninephrectomy alter parasympathetic modulation of heart rate and facilitate sodium-dependent arterial hypertension in mice?
Does uninephrectomy alter parasympathetic modulation of heart rate and facilitate sodium-dependent arterial hypertension in mice?
Uninephrectomy in mice reduces parasympathetic modulation of heart rate and, when combined with high salt intake and taurine deficiency, facilitates the development of arterial hypertension.
Hypothesis-generating for autonomic effects of uninephrectomy in salt-sensitive models; should not yet change clinical practice.
BACKGROUND: Blood pressure is known to be increased in kidney donors following living-donor kidney transplantation. However, the physiological underpinnings of the blood-pressure increase following uninephrectomy remain unclear. We hypothesized that changes in sympathetic tone or in parasympathetic modulation of sinus node function are involved in the blood-pressure increase following experimental kidney-mass reduction. METHODS: C57BL6N mice (6 to 11 per group) subjected to sham surgery (controls) or uninephrectomy with or without a one-week course of sodium chloride-enriched, taurine-deficient diet were studied. Uninephrectomized mice treated with a subcutaneous infusion of angiotensin-II over a period of one week were positive controls. A transfemoral aortic catheter with telemetry unit was implanted, readings of heart-rate and blood-pressure were recorded. Powerspectral analysis of heart rate and systolic blood pressure was performed to gain surrogate parameters of sympathetictone and parasympathetic modulation of sinus node function. Baroreflex sensitivity of heart rate was determined from awake, unrestrained mice using spontaneous baroreflex gain technique. RESULTS: Systolic arterial blood pressure, heart rate and baroreflex sensitivity were not different in uninephrectomized mice when compared to controls. Parasympathetic modulation of sinus node function was less in uninephrectomized mice in comparison to controls. Uninephrectomized mice of the high-angiotensin-II model or of the high-salt and taurine-deficiency model had an increased systolic arterial blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS: Uninephrectomy associated with less parasympathetic modulation of sinus node function. The combination of uninephrectomy, taurine-deficiency and high-salt intake led to arterial hypertension.
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Pliquett et al. (2022) studied Uninephrectomy and arterial hypertension (n=25). Uninephrectomy vs. Sham surgery was evaluated on Parasympathetic modulation of sinus node function and systolic arterial blood pressure. Uninephrectomy in mice was associated with reduced parasympathetic modulation of sinus node function, and facilitated arterial hypertension when combined with taurine-deficiency and high-salt intake.
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