Clinical assessment of a patient with stable heart failure

Heart failure is a complex condition with numerous symptoms and signs, both specific and nonspecific. Consequently, obtaining a comprehensive patient history is of great importance. Thorough assessment of past medical and cardiac history, comorbid conditions, signs and symptoms are essential forthe planning and implementation of effective care. This article describes a practical approach to conducting such an assessment and uses a case study as an example of this. Social and psychological factors may not impact greatly at the beginning of the disease trajectory, but are relevant for patients who wish to consider future coping strategies. Health education enhances patient understanding and concordance with the management plan and is paramount to patient empowerment and effective care. A management plan for the patient discussed in the case study is suggested.