Hepatic amino acid‐dependent signaling is under the control of AMP‐dependent protein kinase

It has become increasingly clear in recent years that amino acids can stimulate a signal transduction pathway resulting in the phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin downstream targets. We have now found that amino acid-dependent phosphorylation of p70S6 kinase and of S6 in hepatocytes is prevented when AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK) is activated by either the purine ribonucleoside analogue AICAriboside, fructose or glycerol. Insulin-dependent phosphorylation of protein kinase B is not affected by AMPK activation. Protein synthesis is strongly inhibited when AMPK is activated. It is concluded that amino acid-dependent signaling, a protein-anabolic signal, can be effectively antagonized by activation of AMPK.