Galium aparine plants were treated at the two‐whorl stage with technical‐grade phenmedipham. The active ingredient was applied at 10 doses as an acetone:water solution, without emulsifier, alone or in mixture with an ester of oleic acid (methyl, butyl, octyl, dodecanyl, octadecanyl). The plant response was described by a log‐logistic regression model. Phenmedipham applied alone did not kill the plants even at the highest dose (1621 g a.i. ha−1). In contrast, addition of any alkyl oleate to phenmedipham killed the plants at the 200–400 g a.i. ha−1 doses. The alkyl oleates differently affected activity of phenmedipham. Their effects could be ranked as follows: butyl ≥ methyl; octyl> methyl; dodecanyl ≤ methyl; octadecanyl < methyl oleate. Thus, butyl and octyl oleate promoted phenmedipham activity more than methyl oleate.
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Cabanne et al. (1999) studied this question.