Epidemiologic Study of Cryptococcus neoformans

Article1 October 1967Epidemiologic Study of Cryptococcus neoformansW. MARCUS NEWBERRY JR., M.D., JINKS E. WALTER, D.V.M., DR.P.H., JOHN W. CHANDLER JR., M.D., FRED E. TOSH, M.D.W. MARCUS NEWBERRY JR., M.D., JINKS E. WALTER, D.V.M., DR.P.H., JOHN W. CHANDLER JR., M.D., FRED E. TOSH, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-67-4-724 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAlthoughCryptococcus neoformanshas been found widely distributed in nature (1, 2), the most common source of this organism has been pigeon excreta (3-5). There has been increasing evidence that pigeon habitats are a major source of infection (6-10). Accordingly, pigeon fanciers should represent a group with high risk of infection withC. neoformans. However, there has been only a single study of such a population (10). In that study Walter and Atchison used the complement fixation fluorescent antibody test to conduct a serological survey among adult volunteers from a club of pigeon fanciers. The results revealed a significantly greater...References1. AJELLO L: Occurrence of Cryptococcus neoformans in soils. Amer. J. Hyg. 67: 72, 1958. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. MCCULLOUGHLOURIAHILBISHTHOMASEMMONS NBDBTFLBC: Cryptococcosis: Clinical Staff Conference at the National Institutes of Health. Ann. Intern. Med. 49: 642, 1958. LinkGoogle Scholar3. EMMONS CW: Saprophytic sources of Cryptococcus neoformans associated with the pigeon. Amer. J. Hyg. 62: 227, 1955. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. LITTMANSCHNEIERSON MLS: Cryptococcus neoformans in pigeon excreta in New York City. Amer. J. Hyg. 69: 49, 1959. MedlineGoogle Scholar5. EMMONS CW: Prevalence of Cryptococcus neoformans in pigeon habitats. Public Health Rep. 75: 362, 1960. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. LITTMAN ML: Cryptococcosis (torulosis). 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WALTER JE: Epidemiologic and Immunologic Studies of Cryptococcus neoformans. Doctoral thesis submitted to the Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 1964. Google Scholar18. NEILLABRAHAMSKAPROS JMICE: A comparison of the immunogenicity of weakly encapsulated and of strongly encapsulated strains of Cryptococcus neoformans (Torula histolytica). J. Bact. 59: 263, 1950. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar19. BARRON CN: Cryptococcosis in animals. J. Amer. Vet. Med. Ass. 127: 125, 1955. MedlineGoogle Scholar20. HAUGENBAKER RKRD: The pulmonary lesions in cryptococcosis with special reference to subpleural nodules. Amer. J. Clin. Path. 24: 1381, 1954. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar21. WEBSTER BH: Bronchopulmonary cryptococcosis. Dis. Chest 43: 513, 1963. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar22. KNUDSONBURCHHATCH RJHBHB: Primary pulmonary cryptococcosis. Report of three cases and review of literature. J. Thorac. Cardiov. Surg. 45: 730, 1963. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar23. COHENDAVISFINEGOLD AAASM: Chronic pulmonary cryptococcosis. Amer. Rev. Resp. Dis. 91: 414, 1965. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar24. HOURMOSER VNKM: Pulmonary cryptococcosis. Must all receive amphotericin B? Ann. Intern. Med. 63: 583, 1965. LinkGoogle Scholar25. EMMONS CW: Cryptococcus neoformans strains from a severe outbreak of bovine mastitis. Mycopathologia 6: 231, 1952. Google Scholar26. BOLLIGERFINCKH AES: The prevalence of cryptococcosis in the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus). Med. J. Aust. 49: 545, 1962. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar27. EMMONSBINFORDUTZ CWCHJP: Medical Mycology. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, 1963, p. 156. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Kansas City, KansasFrom the Ecological Investigations Program, National Communicable Disease Center, Public Health Service, Kansas City, Kan.Requests for reprints should be addressed to Fred E. Tosh, M.D., Acting Chief, Mycoses Section, Ecological Investigations Program, National Communicable Disease Center, 2002 W. 39th St., Kansas City, Kan. 66103. 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