Coupled discrete‐layer finite elements for laminated piezoelectric platess

Finite element models based on discrete‐layer theories are presented for the coupled‐field analysis of laminated plates containing piezoelectric layers. The three displacements and the electrostatic potential are treated as unknowns in this formulation, which allows for piece‐wise approximations of the variables through the thickness of each layer. Two specific models are demonstrated in which the transverse displacement is either variable or constant, and the in‐plane displacements and potential take piece‐wise linear approximations through the thickness. The models are applied to example problems with applied surface tractions and specified surface potentials. Good agreement is found with exact solutions.