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The high response of a subnormal as compared to an abnormal glow discharge to microwave radiation is a result, of large internal amplification within the discharge composed of ionizing collisions involving signal electrons and secondary emission processes. Diffusion current losses in the cascade ionization process are analysed and are found to be significant in the subnormal glow. Rise-time limitations indicate that the positive ion signal gain cannot be neglected. Treatments involving ionization and secondary emission coefficients are amended accordingly.
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Norman S. Kopeika (1977) studied this question.
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