Research on Precise Leakage Localization Technology in Water Supply Networks Based on Surface Array Sampling

Water leakage in water supply pipeline network leads to water resource loss, drinking water contamination, and ground subsidence. Existing acoustic leak detection techniques are constrained by low signal-to-noise ratios of leakage signals, difficulties in wave velocity estimation, and rapid signal attenuation, often resulting in localization errors of several meters. This study proposes a "wavenumber-frequency spectrum filtering and phase analysis" method for leak source localization, achieving precise positioning of underground water pipeline leaks through surface-mounted sensor array sampling. Based on numerical simulation results, this research reveals the wavenumber-frequency spectrum characteristics of leakage noise on the ground surface, analyzes the impact of sampling strategies on wavenumber extraction, and ultimately constructs a localization model suitable for near-field array sampling. The localization error in experimental setups is merely 0.05 meters, demonstrating the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed method, thereby providing an innovative and practical solution for precise leak localization in water supply networks.