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August 22, 2026Journal of Infrastructure Preservation and ResilienceOpen Access

Machine unlearning for water distribution systems: a scoping review and verification-guided transferability framework

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Authors

AMAli MalekiMAMohammadreza Alizadeh Tataki AfsharANAmin Nejat

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Overview

Scoping review identifies a total gap in machine unlearning applications for water distribution systems, suggesting framework needs for safely removing faulty or poisoned operational data.

Key Points

  • To evaluate whether and how machine unlearning methods can be transferred to artificial intelligence models used in water distribution systems to eliminate corrupted or obsolete data.
  • Conducted a scoping review across Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar on December 10, 2024, evaluating intersections between machine unlearning and water networks.
  • Screened and synthesized 51 core machine unlearning studies and 831 water distribution machine learning records.
  • Mapped exact, approximate, partition-based, federated, and certified unlearning paradigms against water system data dependencies, operational risks, and physical constraints.
  • Found zero direct, validated applications of machine unlearning deployed within water distribution systems, revealing two structurally disconnected fields.
  • Categorized unlearning targets into legitimate candidates (faulty, poisoned, obsolete, or privacy-sensitive data) versus safety-critical evidence (verified leaks, pressure transients, contamination) that must be preserved.
  • Formulated an evidence-informed transferability framework prioritizing verification of physical consistency, false-negative risk, predictive utility, and operational safety over baseline full retraining.

Cite This Study

Maleki et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a895e96ca7ade938187cb5fhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s43065-026-00210-1
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