What does this research mean for the field?

Preloading combined with prefabricated vertical drains (PVD) significantly accelerates consolidation time and ensures acceptable settlement and slope stability in tropical soft clay soils. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

What question did this study set out to answer?

Evaluate numerical solutions using preloading and prefabricated vertical drains to mitigate excessive settlement and slope instability in soft port access road soils.

August 22, 2026Open Access

Numerical Analysis of Geotechnical Treatment Using Preloading and PVD Methods on Soft Soils of Tanjung Keramat Port Access Road

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Authors

AEAco Wahyudi EfendiSebelas Maret University RPRizki Satria PutraUniversitas Balikpapan

Discussion

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Implication

Numerical simulation demonstrates accelerated consolidation and improved slope stability in soft clay deposits, indicating effective ground improvement using preloading with vertical drains.

Key Points

Evaluate numerical solutions using preloading and prefabricated vertical drains to mitigate excessive settlement and slope instability in soft port access road soils.
Classified the project area into four geotechnical zones using standard penetration tests, cone penetration tests, and laboratory soil characterization.
Performed numerical analyses comparing three scenarios: no ground treatment, preloading with a 2-meter embankment, and preloading combined with prefabricated vertical drains.
Preloading paired with prefabricated vertical drains reduced consolidation time from thousands of days to approximately 50–60 days.
Post-construction settlement was restricted to less than 20 mm in the first year and less than 100 mm overall, with slope stability safety factors meeting or exceeding Indonesian design standards (SNI 8460:2017).

Cite This Study

Efendi et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a895eeeca7ade938187d156 https://doi.org/10.65218/jsg.2026.109

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Implication

Numerical simulation demonstrates accelerated consolidation and improved slope stability in soft clay deposits, indicating effective ground improvement using preloading with vertical drains.

Numerical Analysis of Geotechnical Treatment Using Preloading and PVD Methods on Soft Soils of Tanjung Keramat Port Access Road

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

Numerical Analysis of Geotechnical Treatment Using Preloading and PVD Methods on Soft Soils of Tanjung Keramat Port Access Road

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

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