Scientific review demonstrates ongoing progress across major superconductor families, highlighting barriers to achieving stable ambient-pressure room-temperature superconductivity.
Key Points
To synthesize recent advances, theoretical mechanisms, and technological bottlenecks across conventional and unconventional superconductor material families.
Reviewed literature covering conventional BCS-type, cuprate, iron-based, nickelate, and hydrogen-rich superhydride superconductor systems.
Electron-phonon-mediated superhydrides achieve record critical temperatures under megabar pressures, but unconventional pairing mechanisms in cuprates and nickelates remain unresolved.
Realization of stable, ambient-pressure, room-temperature superconductivity remains unachieved due to severe pressure-stabilization constraints.