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Mixed-methods study reveals a shift toward female academic outperformance in secondary students, indicating changing socio-cultural dynamics in education.
The last two and half decades have shown girls’ outperformance and boys’ underperformance in education in the urban centres of Pakistan. This change in educational performance is a shift from the outperformance of boys to girls. This shift is notable in the patriarchal society of Pakistan. Witnessing this trend of girls’ tremendous performance in education, this research study gives a succinct picture of gender reverse change in education performance and explores the reasons of this shift in the two key examinations: Secondary School Certificate (SSC) and Higher Secondary School Certificate (HSSC) Annual examinations of the Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education (BISE) Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP). The study utilises quantitative and qualitative data. The quantitative data consists of results records of the Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education Peshawar, KP, whereas the qualitative data comes from in-depth qualitative interviews with 40 school and college teachers (20 males & 20 females). The findings not only buttress the previous studies but also advance new insights and explanations of gender reverse change in the educational performance of boys and girls in the socio-cultural context of Peshawar, Pakistan.
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Ullah et al. (2026) studied this question.
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