Peer support in people with type 2 diabetes

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a group-based peer support intervention for individuals with type 2 diabetes, focusing on diabetes-related distress, self-care, well-being, and health-related quality of life. In this randomized controlled trial, participants were allocated to either a group-based peer support intervention—consisting of six sessions led by peer leaders and psychotherapists—or a single educational meeting. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, six months, and twelve months using self-reported questionnaires. Differences between the intervention and control groups were analyzed using linear multilevel models. Out of 1,404 individuals with type 2 diabetes who were invited, 269 (19.2%) expressed willingness to participate, and 225 (16.0%) completed the baseline questionnaire and were enrolled. Participants who consented generally had higher educational levels. Among those in the intervention group, 62.7% attended three or more sessions. The intervention led to improved well-being (0.99; 95%CI:-0.02–2.00) and higher frequency of foot care days per week (0.50; 95%CI 0.06–0.94). However, there were no differences between the groups regarding diabetes-related distress, health-related quality of life, self-efficacy, or the other self-care domains. The results showed only limited benefits for people with T2D, the findings suggest the need for better targeting of interventions and strategies to improve engagement and participation.