Reversible photoswitching of stimuli-responsive Si(100) surfaces engineered with an assembled 1-cyano-1-phenyl-2-[4′-(10-undecenyloxy)phenyl]-ethylene monolayer

Si(100) surfaces were molecularly engineered by covalent linkage of a monolayer of two stilbene-based chromophores, either 1-cyano-1-phenyl-2-[4′-(10-undecenyloxy)phenyl]-ethylene or its chlorine derivative, 1-cyano-1-(4-Cl-phenyl)-2-[4′-(10-undecenyloxy)phenyl]-ethylene. The hybrid systems have been probed by monochromatized angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AR-XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements. Results indicated robust covalent linkage of stilbene molecules to the functionalized substrate surfaces. AFM lithography and contact angle (CA) analysis confirmed that the adopted molecular architectures proved to be well-suited for reversible cis–trans photoswitching promoted by UV irradiation in the solid state.