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Steady conduit flow with spatially decreasing discharge is analysed by a hydraulic approach. Particular attention is paid to the effects of frictional slope, additional head-loss due to the single or manifold lateral, and the lateral outflow. The governing system of equations is then presented and solved for a common configuration. The results are compared to observations and several design recommendations are given.
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Willi H. Hager (1986) studied this question.
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