Color-variable emission has been observed from a multilayer polymer electroluminescent device composed of three polymer layers: perfluoropropylated poly(p-phenylene) (F-PPP) sandwiched between two emissive polymers, poly (3-dodecylthiophene) (PDT) and poly (p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV). Green and red emissions were observed when a negative bias was applied to the PPV and PDT side electrodes, respectively. F-PPP was supposed to act as an electron-blocking layer due to its small electron affinity (2.2 eV) compared with those of PPV (2.7) and PDT (3.5), and to facilitate the confinement of the excitons in the negatively biased polymer layer, where the radiative recombination of the charge carriers takes place.
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Hamaguchi et al. (1996) studied this question.