Grain boundaries may be described in terms of dislocations which can move and multiply in the grain boundary plane. Most grain boundaries contain dislocations and steps in configurations which depend on heat treatment and deformation history. During annealing these structures rearrange; their motion provides a mechanism for boundary migration which can account for the observed migration rates and the effects of temperature, purity, orientation relationship, and other variables.
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Smith et al. (1979) studied this question.
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