Key result
Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased central corneal thickness compared to healthy controls, as observed in 27 of 38 reviewed studies, although the effects of disease duration and HbA1c levels remain inconclusive.
Why the study?
Corneal changes occur as a direct consequence of diabetes mellitus, and central corneal thickness is a useful parameter to monitor progression, but its exact impact and correlation with disease duration and HbA1c levels needed determination.
Does diabetes mellitus increase central corneal thickness compared to healthy controls?
Systematic Review
Does diabetes mellitus increase central corneal thickness compared to healthy controls?
Diabetes mellitus is generally associated with increased central corneal thickness, although the impact of disease duration and glycemic control remains inconsistent across studies.
Diabetes patients may require adjusted corneal assessments; confirms association in most studies but leaves duration and HbA1c effects open.
Background: Corneal changes occur as a direct consequence of diabetes mellitus (DM). The central corneal thickness (CCT) is a useful parameter that provides information about the status of the metabolism of the cornea and can therefore help monitor the progression of DM.Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of DM on CCT and its correlation with diabetes duration and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels.Methods: The systematic review was undertaken to answer: (1) What effect does DM have on CCT values? (2) What effect does DM duration have on CCT values? (3) What effect does HbA1c levels have on CCT values? The Web of Science was used to conduct a computerised search for articles of CCT values in DM.Results: A total of 38 articles that met the criteria for inclusion were included in this systemic review. The researchers found 27 articles that observed increased CCT values in DM patients compared with control subjects. There were six studies in which increased CCT values were related to DM duration and 12 studies in which DM duration did not alter CCT values. Also, eight studies showed that CCT values increased with glycated haemoglobin levels, and 12 studies did not observe this.Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus patients usually present with increased CCT values although there is no unanimity about the effect of DM duration and increased HbA1c levels (poor glycaemic control) in the CCT values of DM patients.
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Sanchis‐Gimeno et al. (2022) conducted a systematic review in Diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus vs. Healthy control subjects was evaluated on Central corneal thickness (CCT). Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased central corneal thickness compared to healthy controls, as observed in 27 of 38 reviewed studies, although the effects of disease duration and HbA1c levels remain inconclusive.
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