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Silicate self-assembly and zeolite beta crystallization in the presence of 4,4′-trimethylenebis(N-methyl, N-benzyl piperidinium) (TMP 2+ ) structure directing agent were studied using a combination of 29 Si and 27 Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), small angle scattering (SAS), and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR/FTIR) spectroscopy. Crystallization of nanosized siliceous TMP 2+ zeolite beta proceeds along three populations of particles (i.e., primary, secondary, and tertiary), differing in size and internal structure similar to crystallization of aluminum containing zeolite beta with tetraethylammonium (TEA + ) as structure directing agent. Aluminosilicate TMP 2+ zeolite beta, however, crystallizes along a very unique pathway, wherein secondary particles are final partially crystalline colloidally stable zeolite beta. TMP 2+ zeolite beta crystallizes quickly when compared to TEA + zeolite beta, which takes nearly a hundred hours to crystallize under similar synthesis conditions.
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Hould et al. (2012) studied this question.
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