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A. Bertrand, in his book, La Réligion des Gaulois, les Druides et le Druidisme, published in 1897, called attention to the great similarity in organization between the Celtic Druids, the monasteries of the Tibetan lamas, and shamanism in Siberia. He was the first to publish statues of Celtic gods seated like Buddha. [1] Since that time the question of the relations between the Celts and the East, and in particular the Scythians, has been dealt with by many scholars: P. Benkowski, J. Dechelette, G. Dottin, P. Reinecke, P. Gosser, H. Hubert, M. Jahn, M. Enni, P. Jakobstahl, G. Kühn, M. Minns, G. Preidel, A. Shakhmatov, A. Spitsyn, M. Rostovtsev, F. Stakhelin, K. Scheffold, M. Vasmer, and others. In 1930 these questions were dealt with in detail by the present author. I also adduced the literature appearing prior to 1930. [2, 3] Field investigations subsequently conducted in the western oblasts of the Ukraine yielded new materials bearing on the problem with which we are concerned (the writings of M. Smiszko and T. Sulimirski).
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Janina Rosen-Przeworska (1963) studied this question.
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