Why the study?
In heart failure, natriuretic peptide synthesis increases exponentially while beneficial effects are diminished, prompting a review of their diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic roles alongside limits in extracardiac pathology.
This review summarizes the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic roles of natriuretic peptides in heart failure and their interpretation in extracardiac diseases.
Clinicians should interpret natriuretic peptides cautiously amid extracardiac confounders; leaves open refined thresholds for targeted trials.
Natriuretic peptides, produced by cardiac myocytes, are regulators of the intravascular volume and blood pressure, and also exhibit neuroendocrine, metabolic and growth controlling effects. In heart failure, their synthesis increases exponentially as part of the neuroendocrine activation, but their beneficial effects are diminished. The paper reviews relevant data about their role as diagnosis and prognosis markers in heart failure, the hemodynamic and clinical benefits of their use as therapy in heart failure, together with the main adverse effects. Peptides non-specifically increase in extracardiac pathology and the literature reveals the mechanisms of increase, significance and threshold values to exclude cardiac dysfunction.
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Roxana et al. (2019) studied this question.
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