Psychological Distress Among HIV-Impacted African-American and Latino Males

HIV infection is disproportionately more common among ethnic/racial minorities in the U. S., yet little research has examined how this population copes with their chronic illness. The available studies have primarily focused on white, middle class gay males. Little is known about the specific psychological responses and specific coping strategies of men from communities of color. While all people infected with HIV must cope with significant psychosocial stressors such as social stigmatization, and coping with a chronic and terminal illness, people of color likely face additional stressors related to homophobia and racism. This article presents a study of 100 men, 92% of which are men of color. Participants were recruited from a midwestern medical center and data were collected regarding the presence of psychological distress, coping styles, spirituality and sexual orientation. A series of analyses examined the relationship between these variables and specific coping methods. Results included a strong relationship between increased positive mood when participants used an active coping style as compared with a passive-avoidant coping style. Greater levels of spiritual well being were correlated with positive mood. This article presents information on the psychological experience of ethnic/racial minority men who are HIV positive, have different coping styles and examines the role spirituality has in managing one's illness.