The production of biofuels and renewable chemicals by fast pyrolysis of biomass

Bio-energy can provide more renewable energy requirements than any other technology. This paper focuses on fast pyrolysis as the only thermal process that directly delivers a high yield of liquid. This can be used on site or transported to centralised facilities for utilisation. This offers the potential for optimisation, greater economies of scale and exploitation of bio-refineries. The overall technology is described, particularly the reaction systems. The primary liquid product is characterised, and the potential for production of chemicals and transport fuels is explored. The main barriers to the market deployment of the various technologies are identified and briefly discussed.