Results of measurements of the spreading of proteins have been reported in the previous article.The measurements were made with an apparatus differing in various ways from existing apparatus (Langmuir, Marcelin, and Adam).It was essential in the construction of this apparatus to obtain an instrument by which it would be possible to make quick and accurate measurements.~ Also we tried to make handling of the instrument as easy as possible.The latter feature is important for the use of the instrument in the clinical laboratory in, for instance, the estimation of spreading substances from the living organism such as proteins, lipoids, fats, and fatty acids.The method by which measurements are made is essentially identical with that by which Langmuir got his well known results.A free movable barrier C floats on the surface of the liquid in a shallow rectangular tray.The barrier is connected by very thin platinum strips P1P2 (3/z thick) to the edge of the tray (Fig. 1).A difference in tension of the surfaces at A and at B will cause a movement of the barrier C.This movement is prevented by the fork of the torsion balance, and forces acting on the barrier can be transmitted to the balance and compensated by the torsion of a spring D. The amount of torsion is read on the scale S. Movements of the balance are detected by an optical system 0 and mirror M on the axis o[ the balance.* These experiments were made possible by a grant from the Pieter Langerhuizen Fund.
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Gorter et al. (1935) studied this question.