Friction force microscopy (FFM) was used to distinguish the different surface terminations on the nanoscale on atomically flat SrTiO3(001) surfaces, obtained by a combination of ultrasonic agitation and subsequent annealing in air at 1000 °C. The surface exhibits atomically flat terraces and sharp steps whose height is 0.2 nm, corresponding to half the height of a unit cell of SrTiO3, or a single atomic layer, where strong friction contrast appears. A compositional analysis of the topmost surface by coaxial-impact-collision ion-scattering spectroscopy (CAICISS) indicated that the friction contrast corresponded to different surface terminations, namely, the SrO and TiO2 layer as a topmost surface, where the TiO2 domain was dominant. This is further supported by the correlation between the compositional Sr/Ti ratio and the area ratio which was observed by CAICISS and FFM, respectively.
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Iwahori et al. (2000) studied this question.
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