The Impact of Different Antihypertensive Medications on Blood Pressure Variability in Hypertensive Patients and Clinical Application Progress

高的血压变异性(Blood Pressure Variability, BPV)已被证明是认知障碍、中风、终末期肾病、心血管事件和死亡率的独立风险因素，与血压相关的心血管风险不仅取决于平均血压水平，还取决于BPV的程度，因此临床诊疗中不仅要关注高血压患者的血压水平，更需要关注血压的波动性、昼夜节律等全天血压变化规律，不能忽略BPV对患者健康的潜在影响。本文综述了不同降压药物对高血压患者BPV的影响，并探讨其在临床应用中的进展，以期为高血压患者提供更精准的降压方案以及带来更全面高效的心血管获益。High blood pressure variability (BPV) has been shown to be an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment, stroke, end-stage renal disease, cardiovascular events, and mortality. The cardiovascular risk associated with blood pressure is not only dependent on the average blood pressure level but also on the degree of BPV. Therefore, in clinical practice, it is essential to focus not only on the blood pressure levels of hypertensive patients but also on blood pressure variability, circadian rhythms, and the patterns of blood pressure changes throughout the day. The potential impact of BPV on patient health should not be overlooked. This article reviews the effects of different antihypertensive medications on BPV in hypertensive patients and explores their progress in clinical applications, aiming to provide more precise antihypertensive regimens and comprehensive cardiovascular benefits for hypertensive patients.