The anti-oestrogenic activity of yellow pine needles was assessed using the laboratory mouse and rat. The feeding of a concentrated aqueous pine needle extract to immature female mice resulted in a significant decrease in uterine weight. The concentrate did not bring about this effect when 0.04 μg/g diethylstilbestrol (D. E. S.) was present in the feed although at the 0.02 μg/g level of D. E. S., anti-oestrogenic effects were noted. The effect of oestrone on uterine tissue was diminished by the simultaneous subcutaneous injection of aqueous pine needle extract into immature female rats. The active substance was eluted from a celiteaqueous concentrate mixture with equal effectiveness by either ethyl acetate or ethyl alcohol. Suggestions as to the mode of action of the anti-oestrogen are given.
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Cook et al. (1964) studied this question.