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Diabetes mellitus, a chronic condition characterized by insufficient insulin production or utilization, has a rich historical context and has evolved significantly since its early identification in ancient civilizations. This article explores the multifaceted nature of diabetes, including its types—Type 1 diabetes (T1D), Type 2 diabetes (T2D), and Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA)—alongside the pathogenic mechanisms that contribute to its development. The prevalence of diabetes has escalated globally, posing a substantial healthcare burden and leading to serious complications, including cardiovascular diseases and kidney failure. Management strategies have advanced, highlighting the importance of lifestyle modifications, continuous glucose monitoring, and emerging treatments such as artificial pancreas systems, smart insulin, and gene therapy. Furthermore, the potential of stem cell therapy and nanotechnology in the management of diabetes is discussed, indicating a shift towards innovative therapeutic approaches. This comprehensive overview underscores the necessity of tailored treatment strategies and the ongoing research efforts aimed at improving the quality of life for individuals affected by diabetes while addressing the global diabetes epidemic.
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Koshti et al. (2024) studied this question.
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