Case study reveals spatial and governance outcomes of ocean technology deployment in marine environments, highlighting the need to integrate sustainability transition frameworks.
Integrating Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) with Sustainability Transitions (ST) theory is essential for managing the rapid deployment of ocean technologies (OT) and the associated ecological, social, and economic trade-offs. The study identifies 18 ST approaches relevant to marine management and planning challenges. A case study in Spanish waters is then used to map OT penetration and illustrate key spatial and governance outcomes. We discuss transition-critical barriers, as well as technologies and resources likely to shape the future evolution of MSP.
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Depellegrin et al. (2026) studied this question.
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