Key result
ACE II genotype linked to ~7 bpm lower resting HR than DD in adolescent football players.
Why the study?
Genes regulating vascular tone and myocardial structure influence cardiovascular adaptation, and this study aimed to assess the association between ECG adaptation parameters and ACE I/D (rs4646994) gene polymorphisms in adolescent football players.
Does the ACE I/D (rs4646994) gene polymorphism affect ECG parameters of cardiovascular adaptation in adolescent football players?
Cross-Sectional (n=160)
Does the ACE I/D (rs4646994) gene polymorphism affect ECG parameters of cardiovascular adaptation in adolescent football players?
The ACE I/D gene polymorphism significantly influences resting heart rate and sinus bradycardia in adolescent football players, demonstrating the modifying role of physical exertion on genetic cardiovascular adaptation.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
ACE polymorphisms were associated with CV adaptation; leaves open whether genotyping informs athlete screening or therapy.
Recent research in sports genomics indicates that genes involved in regulating vascular tone, neurohumoral balance, energy metabolism, and myocardial structure significantly influence the adaptation of the cardiovascular system. ACE gene polymorphisms are one of the most studied and clinically significant genetic determinants of cardiovascular adaptation. The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene encodes angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, and the key RAAS enzyme involved in regulating vascular tone, circulating blood volume, and myocardial remodeling. Objective. To assess the association between ECG parameters, which reflect cardiovascular system adaptation, and ACE I/D (rs4646994) gene polymorphisms in adolescent football players. Research materials included 100 adolescent football players who regularly engage in football (MG) and 60 adolescents who participate in sports during physical education classes as part of the school curriculum (CG). Conclusion. The effect of the ACE I/D (rs4646994) gene polymorphism on ECG parameters was less pronounced in the control group (which did not have regular physical exertion) compared to the main group, which demonstrates the modifying role of physical exertion in the realization of genetically determined features of cardiovascular adaptation.
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A.A. Ruzieva (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in Cardiovascular adaptation to physical exertion (n=160). ACE I/D (rs4646994) gene polymorphism vs. Between genotypes (II, ID, DD) was evaluated on Resting heart rate (bpm) in adolescent football players (p=0.004). The ACE I/D (rs4646994) gene polymorphism significantly influenced resting heart rate in adolescent football players, with the II genotype associated with the lowest rate (58.2 bpm) and the DD genotype with the highest (65.5 bpm).
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