Organic photovoltaics have been considered as a future low-cost solar energy conversion solution, and have attracted tremendous academic and industrial interests in recent years due to many technological advantages of organic semiconductors (including both small molecules and conjugated polymers). Here we describe the basic design and operation of organic photovoltaic cells as well as the important metrics for characterizing their performance. An overview of the three review articles included in this special issue on organic photovoltaics is provided, followed by discussions on the remaining significant challenges for the further development and commercialization of the organic photovoltaic technologies.
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Jiangeng Xue (2010) studied this question.
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