The double crystal spectrometer was employed to investigate the main absorption edge of the free elements Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn, and the oxides Mn₂{O}₃$, ${Fe}₂O₃, Co₂{O}₃$, ${Ni}₂O₃, CuO, and ZnO. Definite structure was exhibited by all the free elements except Zn, and all the oxides except ZnO. The oxide edges were all displaced toward shorter wave-length. The observed width of the edges varied from 15 volts in the case of Zn to 23 volts for Fe.
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A. H. Barnes (1933) studied this question.