Evaluation the Effect of Obesity Induced by High-Fat Diet on Lipid Profile, Oxidative Stress Indices and Cell Apoptosis in Wistar Rats and Ovarian Cancer Cell Line

Background and Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) on the lipid profile, oxidative stress markers in plasma and ovaries of Wistar rats, as well as the anti-apoptotic effects of their serum on the ovarian cancer cell line (SKOV3).Materials: In this experimental study, female Wistar rats were divided into two groups: HFD-fed and standard control diet (SCD)-fed.After 14 weeks, body weight, biochemical factors, oxidative stress markers, and ovarian tissue changes were assessed.Additionally, the effects of serum collected from both groups on apoptosis in SKOV3 cells were evaluated in laboratory conditions. Results:The HFD significantly increased body weight (P < 0.01), blood glucose level (P < 0.05), and triglycerides (P < 0.01) compared to the SCD group.In the ovaries of HFDfed rats, the malondialdehyde (MDA) level showed a significant increase (1.6 ± 131.5 vs. 0.4 ± 72.4 nmol/gram tissue), while the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) decreased (525 ± 3.33 and 7.16 ± 1.62 vs. 189 ± 23 and 16.2 ± 2.3 units/min/gram tissue, respectively).These changes were also observed in plasma samples.Treatment of SKOV3 cells with serum from HFD-fed rats significantly inhibited cellular apoptosis.Conclusion: The findings suggest that obesity induced by a high-fat diet, by altering lipid profiles and increasing oxidative stress, can influence the progression of ovarian cancer.