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February 17, 2023Cell Reports MedicineOpen Access

A systems immunology study comparing innate and adaptive immune responses in adults to COVID-19 mRNA and adenovirus vectored vaccines

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Authors

FRFeargal J. RyanTNTodd S. NortonCMConor McCafferty

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Overview

Longitudinal systems immunology study reveals distinct immune profiles for mRNA and adenoviral vaccines in adults, highlighting pathways linked to rare thrombosis.

Key Points

  • To comprehensively profile and contrast the longitudinal innate and adaptive immune responses elicited by mRNA and adenovirus-vectored COVID-19 vaccines across multiple doses.
  • Longitudinally profiled innate and adaptive immune responses across first, second, and third doses in 102 adults.
  • Applied a multi-omics systems immunology approach to characterize and compare the BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1-S vaccine platforms.
  • Demonstrated marked divergent multi-omic immune response signatures between BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1-S that correlated with antigen-specific antibody titers, T cell responses, and reactogenicity.
  • Observed that ChAdOx1-S, but not BNT162b2, elicited an adenoviral vector-specific memory response after dose one.
  • Identified that the vector-specific response to ChAdOx1-S correlated with the expression of pro-thrombotic proteins implicated in thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS).

Cite This Study

Ryan et al. (2023) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a8ae023e6afc07dcbf44830https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.100971
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