Application of the Positive Reality Principle to Metal Electrode Linear Polarization Phenomena

The linear electrode-electrolyte polarization immittance (impedance or admittance) can be analyzed by the fractional power pole (FPP) model [38] based on the modification of Bode's [4] method to include functions with poles and/or zeros of fractional power. This is, in essence, an extension of the Davidson-Cole model [12] to the entire frequency spectrum. In this paper, the minimum phase property of the FPP model is verified and the positive reality principle [5] is used to identify the specific type of immittance function for which the FPP model is applicable. This condition is an extension of the "universal" law of dielectric response as advanced by Jonscher [26].