This in vitro fluid dynamics study demonstrates that severe (65%) arterial stenoses generate highly fluctuating and significantly elevated wall shear stresses compared to mild (38%) stenoses.
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Elevated shear stresses near severe stenoses may promote endothelial injury; leaves open role in human plaque progression.
A multiple trace photochromic method was used to visualize the pulsatile flow field created by modelled arterial stenoses of 38% and 65% area reductions. Using flow parameters similar to those of a medium sized artery in man, the flow patterns at seven axial locations in relation to the stenosis were simultaneously photographed at various times throughout the flow cycle. With the 65% stenosis, the wall shear stress in the vicinity of the reattachment point was found to fluctuate quite strongly during the turbulent phase of the flow cycle, giving rise to instantaneous shear stresses that were at least eight times larger than those measured upstream. For the 38% stenosis, much smaller shear stresses were observed. These and other results are described in detail.
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Ojha et al. (1990) studied this question.
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