Fruit and Seed Dispersal and the Evolution of the Hamamelidae

The assumptions (1) that the Hamamelidae attained their zenith in the Cretaceous and, (2) that abiotic dispersal dominated i in Cretaceous ойор perms, Suggest that dispersal mode could be used as ciated with the Hamamelidae.A review of modern a character i in evaluating y) most "lower" н amamelids are а dispersed, but that кок sal.In ma putatively ч families Aa g., Fagaceae, cases the dispe abiotic to biotic dispersal around the O Circumstan vide suggests a Moraceae/Cecropiaceae/Urticaceae comp orthy evolutionaril ) emphasizes impo ss biotic dispersa yp n sal mechanisms of a family are the same in the fossil record and the present da xi However, in he Juglandaceae and Fagaceae the fossil record indicates fi е Tertia the Mor.witch i ircum oie anal fossil and den aceae/Cecropiaceae/ Urticac eae and possibly the Tiffney, Bruce H. 1986."Fruit and Seed Dispersal and the Evolution of the Hamamelidae."