X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) studies are done on superconducting (Bi1-x Pb x )2Sr2Ca2Cu3O y (x=0-0.4) containing various volume fractions of the 80 K and 110 K phases. Systematic changes in the Cu 2p and O 1s core-level emission spectra are observed as a function of x. The analyses of these XPS spectra reveal that Cu+, Cu2+, and O (off-plane), O (on-plane) ions exist in the superconductors. With increasing volume fraction of the 110 K phases in the samples, the ratios of Cu+/Cu2+ and O (off-plane)/O(on-plane) increase.
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Yuan et al. (1991) studied this question.
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