Structured microlens arrays are used for beam shaping, diffusion, and homogenization, providing the ability to perform complex beam shaping tasks, both intensity control and spatial energy distribution, with high efficiency (mostly limited by surface losses) and without the presence of artifacts such as zero order. Applications include excimer laser beam shaping, display screens, light-control films, and illumination.
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Tasso R. M. Sales (2003) studied this question.
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