Key result
Overall, 88.1% of adults in Riyadh demonstrated good awareness of coronary artery disease risk factors, with female gender significantly associated with higher awareness compared to males (90.8% vs 84.2%, p=0.010).
Why the study?
Coronary artery disease prevalence is increasing in Saudi Arabia due to modifiable risk factors, making public awareness essential for effective prevention.
Cross-Sectional (n=901)
Absolute Event Rate: 90.8% vs 84.2%
p-value: p=0.010
While awareness of CAD risk factors is generally high among adults in Riyadh, targeted educational initiatives are needed to address knowledge gaps regarding non-modifiable risk factors and diabetes.
High awareness among Riyadh adults, linked to gender and education, supports targeted CAD education; leaves open effects on prevention behaviors or incidence.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide. In Saudi Arabia, its prevalence is increasing due to modifiable risk factors such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. Raising public awareness of these factors is essential for effective prevention. This study aims to assess public knowledge and awareness of CAD risk factors and to examine their associations with demographic characteristics among adults in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted between January 21 and February 5, 2025, involving 901 participants aged 18 and older. A validated, structured questionnaire was distributed online to assess demographic characteristics and knowledge of CAD risk factors. Data were analyzed using RStudio (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria), with chi-square tests used to examine associations between demographic factors and CAD knowledge. RESULTS: Among the participants, 59.3% (n=534) were female, and 50.4% (n=454) were between 18 and 29 years of age. Overall, based on the scoring system, 88.1% (n=794) of participants demonstrated good awareness of CAD risk factors with a mean of 0.881 and SD (0.32), with smoking (n=697, 77.4%), physical inactivity (n=779, 86.5%), and obesity (n=855, 94.9%) being the most recognized. Higher awareness levels were significantly associated with female gender and postgraduate education (p < 0.05). However, gaps in knowledge persisted regarding diabetes and family history. CONCLUSION: Although awareness of CAD risk factors is generally high, targeted educational initiatives are required to address misconceptions, particularly about non-modifiable risk factors. Strengthening public education efforts could help further reduce CAD prevalence in Saudi Arabia.
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Alshehri et al. (2025) conducted a cross-sectional in Coronary artery disease risk factor awareness (n=901). Female gender vs. Male gender was evaluated on Good awareness of CAD risk factors (p=0.010). Overall, 88.1% of adults in Riyadh demonstrated good awareness of coronary artery disease risk factors, with female gender significantly associated with higher awareness compared to males (90.8% vs 84.2%, p=0.010).
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