Key result
A diacylglycerol-rich high-fat diet inhibited atherosclerosis and suppressed serum LDL cholesterol levels in apolipoprotein E and LDL receptor double-deficient mice.
Why the study?
Does a DAG-rich high-fat diet reduce atherosclerosis and improve endothelial function in apolipoprotein E and LDL receptor double-deficient mice compared to TAG-rich or Western-style diets?
Does a DAG-rich high-fat diet reduce atherosclerosis and improve endothelial function in apolipoprotein E and LDL receptor double-deficient mice compared to TAG-rich or Western-style diets?
Dietary diacylglycerol may exert antithrombotic and anti-atherogenic effects by protecting vascular endothelium and lowering serum LDL cholesterol in atherogenic mice.
Should not change human dietary practice; leaves open translational research on DAG-rich diets in atherosclerosis.
INTRODUCTION: We have shown earlier that diacylglycerol (DAG) but not triacylglycerol (TAG) inhibited thrombus formation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of this antithrombotic effect of DAG. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four different diets, the (1) Western-style high-fat diet (HFD) containing 20% lipid and 0.05% cholesterol (w/w), (2) TAG-rich and (3) DAG-rich HFDs containing 20% lipid and 0.05% cholesterol, but all lipid replaced by TAG or DAG oil with very similar fatty acid composition and the (4) Japanese-style low-fat diet (LFD) containing 7% oil but no cholesterol were given to apolipoprotein E and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor double-deficient mice. Atherogenicity was assessed by morphology, mapping the whole aorta and measuring the total area of lipid-stained lesions. Endothelial function was measured by the flow-mediated vasodilation test. Platelet reactivity was assessed from native blood sample by a shear-induced platelet function test (hemostatometry). Serum lipoprotein profile was measured by HPLC. RESULTS: Both the Western-style and the TAG-rich HFDs have accelerated atherosclerosis. In contrast, DAG-rich HFD inhibited the atherosclerotic process to an extent comparable with the Japanese-style LFD. There was no significant difference in platelet and coagulant activity between the studied diet groups. DAG-rich but not the TAG-rich HFD significantly suppressed serum LDL cholesterol level. CONCLUSIONS: The present findings suggest that the mechanism of antithrombotic and anti-atherogenic effect of DAG may involve the protection of the vascular endothelium from injury and lowered serum LDL cholesterol.
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Ijiri et al. (2006) studied Atherosclerosis. Diacylglycerol (DAG)-rich high-fat diet vs. Triacylglycerol (TAG)-rich high-fat diet, Western-style high-fat diet, and Japanese-style low-fat diet was evaluated on Atherogenicity, endothelial function, platelet reactivity, and serum lipoprotein profile. A diacylglycerol-rich high-fat diet inhibited atherosclerosis and suppressed serum LDL cholesterol levels in apolipoprotein E and LDL receptor double-deficient mice.
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