Uncovering the Pharmacology of Xiaochaihu Decoction in the Treatment of Acute Pancreatitis Based on the Network Pharmacology

Figures

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  Figure 1. Venn map of common targets on Xiaochaihu decoction and acute pancreatitis. The orange circle indicates the targets of Xiaochaihu decoction, and the gray circle indicates the targets of acute pancreatitis. The part of the two intersecting circles is the common targets.

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  Figure 2. Herb-compound-target-disease network. The green squares indicate the herb name, the blue squares indicate the compounds, the purple squares indicate the target, and the red square indicates the disease name.

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  Figure 3. Protein-protein interaction network (PPI network). Orange, yellow, and green circles indicated the proteins. The lines represented the nodes associated through protein-protein interactions.

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  Figure 4. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of the top 20 pathways: (a) biological process (BP); (b) cell component (CC); (c) molecular function (MF).

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  Figure 5. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment. The color of circles represents the Q value, and the size of circles represents the count.

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  Figure 6. The protein-ligand of the docking simulation: (a) Quercetin and IL-6 (2D); (b) Quercetin and MAPK3 (2D); (c) Quercetin and TP53 (2D); (d) Quercetin and IL-6 (3D); (e) Quercetin and MAPK3 (3D); (f) Quercetin and TP53 (3D).

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  Figure 7. The effect of LPS, Quercetin, and XCHD on AR42J cell viability. (a) AR42J cells were treated with LPS at 1, 2, and 4 μg/mL for 24 hours. (b) AR42J cells were incubated with Quercetin (12.5, 25, 50, and 100 μM) for 8 hours after being treated with 1 μg/mL LPS. (c) AR42J cells were incubated with XCHD-contained serum for 8 hours after being treated with 1 μg/mL LPS. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. #P < 0.05 and ##P < 0.01 compared with the control group; ∗P < 0.05 and ∗∗P < 0.01 compared with the model group.

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  Figure 8. The effects of Quercetin and XCHD on the production of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in LPS-induced acute pancreatitis in vitro. After LPS (2 mg/mL) was treated with AR42J cells for 24 hours, Quercetin (a–c) or XCHD (d–f) was incubated with the cells for another 8 hours. And the production of IL-1β (a, d), IL-6 (b, e), and TNF-α (c, f) was detected by ELISA kit. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. #P < 0.05 and ##P < 0.01 compared with the control group; ∗P < 0.05 and ∗∗P < 0.01 compared with the model group.

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  Figure 9. Changes in expressions of MAPK3 and TP53 in AR42J cells following LPS, Quercetin, and (or) XCHD treatment. (a) Real-time PCR analysis of MAPK3 in AR42J cells. (b) Real-time PCR analysis of TP53 in AR42J cells. (c) WB analysis of MAPK3 and TP53 in AR42J cells. (d, e) The statistics on MPAK3 and TP53. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. #P < 0.05 and ##P < 0.01 compared with the control group; ∗P < 0.05 and ∗∗P < 0.01 compare with the model group.