The nucleon is modeled, using light front dynamics, as a relativistic system of three bound constituent quarks surrounded by a cloud of pions. The pionic cloud is important for understanding low-momentum transfer physics, especially the neutron charge radius, but the quarks are dominant at high values of Q². The model achieves a very good description of existing data for the four electromagnetic elastic form factors.
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Gerald A. Miller (2002) studied this question.
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