A genetic algorithm (GA) is used to design patch shapes of microstrip antennas for multiband operations. For dual-band operation, the optimized patches show that arbitrary frequency spacing ranging from 1:1.1 to 1:2 can be achieved. Tri-band and quad-band microstrip shapes are also generated and the resulting designs show good operations at the designated frequencies. All results were verified by laboratory measurements on an FR-4 substrate.
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Choo et al. (2002) studied this question.
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