Formulation and evaluation of medicated lozenges using traditional herbs to treat sore throat infection

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Lozenges are medicated sweet-hard candies containing one or more active ingredients consumed during sore throat infection. The lozenges dissolve in the mouth to lubricate and soothe the irritation of the throat. This research intends to formulate lozenges by employing traditional ingredients such as Adhatoda vasica, Althaea officinalis, Glycyrrhiza glabra, and Trachyspermum ammi that possess functional bio-active compounds to treat sore throat. The lozenge composition was optimised based on taste, flavor and the ability to form structure. The formulated lozenge was subjected to FTIR, nutritional, physical, sensory and shelf life analysis. The FTIR analysis indicated the presence of functional groups of the targeted bio-active compounds, vasicine and vasicinone chiefly present in Adhatoda vasica. The nutritional analysis revealed the presence of phenolics content (115.5±1.22 mg/GAE 100g) in the fortified lozenge. The product's shelf life was 60 days when packed in blister packaging. The developed product is proposed to suppress sore throat effectively. Novelty impact statement The application of traditional herbs into lozenges allows the consumers to use lozenges as a potential remedy to a sore throat. The present study intends to identify alkaloids such as vasicine and vasicinone in the formulated lozenge via FTIR analysis. These identified compounds are known to possess properties that lessen sore throat infections.