Broadband multifunctional scattering control based on reconfigurable polarization conversion metasurface

The increasingly complex electromagnetic environment imposes pressing requirements on the miniaturization and integration of systems. Multifunctional reconfigurable metasurfaces are regarded as key solutions due to their powerful capability for electromagnetic wave manipulation. However, achieving broadband multidimensional electromagnetic control is still a practical challenge. In this work, what we belive to be a novel reconfigurable polarization conversion metasurface capable of amplitude, phase, and polarization control is proposed for broadband multifunctional scattering control. By integrating two antiparallel PIN diodes to control the induced current directions, its units ingeniously emulate 90° physical rotation of polarization conversion units and enable broadband stable 1-bit phase shift, thereby bypassing conventional complex broadband phase designs. Utilizing the voltage-controlled resistor characteristics of the diodes, the unit achieves polarization conversion and amplitude control. Leveraging the multi-dimensional electromagnetic control abilities, its prototype is fabricated, and experiments on broadband multifunctional scattering control are conducted. The simulated and measured results are in good agreement, demonstrating that the proposed metasurface achieves wideband reconfigurable polarization conversion and RCS control, beam steering, and shaped-beam intensity control. With an operational bandwidth covering approximately 7-13 GHz and dual-polarized capability, it shows great potential for future applications in multiplexed communication, intelligent stealth, and radar jamming.